Question:
The nozzles of pressure nozzle atomizers are made of the following material
The nozzles of pressure nozzle atomizers are made of the following material
Show Hint
Spray Dryer Nozzle Materials: PRESSURE NOZZLE INSERTS are made of TUNGSTEN CARBIDE (WC) or sapphire to resist high-pressure abrasive wear.
Updated On: Sep 15, 2026
- Tungsten carbide
- Chromium
- Nickel
- Steel
Show Solution
Verified By Collegedunia
The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
High-pressure spray drying atomization materials: pressure nozzles operate at 15 to 25 MPa ($150-250 ext{ bar}$) with abrasive, concentrated milk slurries ($48-50\%$ TS); orifice inserts and swirl cores are fabricated from sintered Tungsten Carbide (WC) or sapphire/ruby ceramics to resist extreme abrasive erosive wear.
Key Formula or Approach:
\[ \text{High-Pressure Atomization } (P = 15 - 25\text{ MPa}, \; v > 150\text{ m/s}) \implies \mathbf{\text{Tungsten Carbide (WC, Vickers Hardness } > 1500\text{ HV)}} \]
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
In milk spray drying technology and pressure nozzle atomizer design:
- Pressure nozzle atomizers force concentrated milk ($48\% - 50\%$ total solids) through micro-orifices at extreme pressures ($150\text{ to } 250\text{ bar} / 15 - 25\text{ MPa}$), generating fluid discharge velocities exceeding $150\text{ m/s}$:
1. Fluid shear against abrasive mineral salts and insoluble particles rapidly erodes ordinary stainless steels, enlarging the orifice diameter and ruining droplet size distribution.
2. To resist extreme abrasive erosion and cavitation wear, the critical orifice swirl inserts and nozzle tips are manufactured from sintered Tungsten Carbide (WC) (A) (or industrial synthetic sapphires/rubies), providing exceptional diamond-like hardness ($> 1,500 - 2,000\text{ HV}$) and dimensional stability.
Step 3: Final Answer:
Hence, nozzles of pressure nozzle atomizers are made of Tungsten carbide, matching option (A).
High-pressure spray drying atomization materials: pressure nozzles operate at 15 to 25 MPa ($150-250 ext{ bar}$) with abrasive, concentrated milk slurries ($48-50\%$ TS); orifice inserts and swirl cores are fabricated from sintered Tungsten Carbide (WC) or sapphire/ruby ceramics to resist extreme abrasive erosive wear.
Key Formula or Approach:
\[ \text{High-Pressure Atomization } (P = 15 - 25\text{ MPa}, \; v > 150\text{ m/s}) \implies \mathbf{\text{Tungsten Carbide (WC, Vickers Hardness } > 1500\text{ HV)}} \]
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
In milk spray drying technology and pressure nozzle atomizer design:
- Pressure nozzle atomizers force concentrated milk ($48\% - 50\%$ total solids) through micro-orifices at extreme pressures ($150\text{ to } 250\text{ bar} / 15 - 25\text{ MPa}$), generating fluid discharge velocities exceeding $150\text{ m/s}$:
1. Fluid shear against abrasive mineral salts and insoluble particles rapidly erodes ordinary stainless steels, enlarging the orifice diameter and ruining droplet size distribution.
2. To resist extreme abrasive erosion and cavitation wear, the critical orifice swirl inserts and nozzle tips are manufactured from sintered Tungsten Carbide (WC) (A) (or industrial synthetic sapphires/rubies), providing exceptional diamond-like hardness ($> 1,500 - 2,000\text{ HV}$) and dimensional stability.
Step 3: Final Answer:
Hence, nozzles of pressure nozzle atomizers are made of Tungsten carbide, matching option (A).
Was this answer helpful?
0
0
Top ICAR AIEEA Dairy Technology Questions
- As per legal standards (FSSR, 2011), the acidity (%LA) of chakka should not be more than:
- Which of the following food additive is permitted as preservative in paneer?
- Given below are four statements:
Statement (I) : Homogenisation breaks down fat globules in milk into smaller entities.
Statement (II) : Homogenisation breaks down fat globules and casein micelles in milk into smaller entities.
Statement (III) : Homogenisation slightly increases viscosity of milk.
Statement (IV) : Homogenisation improves the appearance of milk.
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below. - With regard to temperature of operation, place the following unit operations in sequence in an increasing order of temperature:
(i) Sterilisation
(ii) Thermisation
(iii) Homogenisation
(iv) Bactofugation and
(v) HTST pasteurization.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below : - “Narampak” and “karapak” refer to varieties of sandesh with reference to which of the following parameters ?
View More Questions
Top ICAR AIEEA Heat Transfer and Unit Operations Questions
- With regard to temperature of operation, place the following unit operations in sequence in an increasing order of temperature:
(i) Sterilisation
(ii) Thermisation
(iii) Homogenisation
(iv) Bactofugation and
(v) HTST pasteurization.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below : - Match List-I with List-II
\begin{tabular{ll} List-I (Name of Process) & List-II (Temperature/time)
(A) Pasteurization & (I) \(60\ ^\circ\text{C}\) no hold
(B) Sterilisation & (II) \(55-60\ ^\circ\text{C}\) no hold
(C) Homogenisation & (III) \(72\ ^\circ\text{C}\) 15 sec
(D) Bactofugation & (IV) \(118\ ^\circ\text{C}\) 15min
Choose the correct answer from the options given below : - In falling film milk evaporator, the temperature difference between milk and steam should be approximately around :
- Indirect UHT treatment can be done using which of the following methods ?
- Which of the following value is related to sterilization process ?
View More Questions
Top ICAR AIEEA Questions
- Which of the following statements is false?
- Which of the following is an example of an inventory?
- According to Adam Smith, productivity gains could be brought about through .
- The supply curve for an artificially scarce good is .
- Which of the following would not be considered an opportunity cost of paid employment?
View More Questions