Question:
The major function of the emergency spillway in a farm pond is to safeguard the earthen embankment/ dam from
The major function of the emergency spillway in a farm pond is to safeguard the earthen embankment/ dam from
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Overtopping is the #1 cause of earthen dam failure. Emergency spillways provide surplus flood discharge capacity to prevent overtopping.
Updated On: Sep 4, 2026
- Overtopping
- Piping
- Overturning
- Sliding
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Verified By Collegedunia
The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Emergency (auxiliary) spillways are safety relief channels engineered to convey extreme catastrophic peak flood discharges safely around earthen dams.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Earthen embankments cannot withstand water flowing over their crest; overtopping results in rapid surface erosion, crest washouts, and catastrophic dam breach within minutes.
In farm ponds and detention dams, the primary trickle tube drop inlet pipe spillway handles normal routine runoff.
When extreme storm inflow exceeds the principal spillway capacity, the emergency vegetative spillway activates, discharging the excess floodwaters safely around the dam abutment and preventing dangerous water rise that would cause overtopping of the earthen dam crest.
Step 3: Final Answer:
Thus, the emergency spillway safeguards the embankment from Overtopping, matching option (A).
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