Question

The chemical obtained from chrysanthemum that has insecticidal properties is

• A. Pyrethrum
• B. Pathogen
• C. Parasite
• D. Parathyroid

Hint:

Pyrethrum is the "Natural" version.
Pyrethroids (like Cypermethrin) are the "Synthetic" and more stable versions used in modern agriculture.
It is the most famous "Botanical" insecticide in the world.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Step 1: Understanding the Question:
The question asks to identify the specific natural substance derived from the Chrysanthemum flower that is used to kill or repel insects.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:

• Source of Pyrethrum:
Pyrethrum is a natural insecticide produced by the flowers of Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium and Chrysanthemum coccineum.
The active components within pyrethrum are called pyrethrins ($1$ and $2$), cinerins ($1$ and $2$), and jasmolins ($1$ and $2$).

• Mode of Action:
Pyrethrum is a potent neurotoxin for insects. It targets the nervous system by keeping sodium channels open in the neuronal membranes.
This leads to rapid paralysis, often referred to as a "knockdown" effect.

• Environmental Benefits:
Unlike synthetic organochlorines, pyrethrum is highly biodegradable.
It breaks down rapidly in the presence of sunlight (UV radiation), making it one of the safest insecticides for domestic use and organic farming.

• Analyzing Incorrect Options:
Pathogen: This refers to a biological agent (like a virus or bacteria) that causes disease.
Parasite: This is an organism that lives on or in a host and gets its food at the host's expense.
Parathyroid: This is an endocrine gland in humans and animals that regulates calcium levels.

Step 3: Final Answer:
The insecticidal chemical obtained from chrysanthemums is Pyrethrum.