Question:

Sub-Zero treatment of steel is carried out for

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Sub-Zero "finishes" the job. It transforms the soft retained austenite that room-temperature quenching missed.
  • Converting Austenite to Bainite
  • Converting retained Austenite to pearlite
  • Converting retained Austenite to Ferrite
  • Converting retained Austenite to Martensite
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The Correct Option is D

Solution and Explanation

Step 1: Concept In many alloy steels, the Martensite Finish ($M_{f}$) temperature is below room temperature.

Step 2: Meaning
Retained austenite is the portion of austenite that fails to transform during initial quenching to room temperature.

Step 3: Analysis
Retained austenite is soft and unstable, which can cause dimensional changes or reduced hardness over time.

Step 4: Conclusion
Cooling the steel to sub-zero temperatures (e.g., in liquid nitrogen) forces the completion of the transformation of retained austenite into martensite. Final Answer: (D)
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