Question

The sum of food and fertilizer production has shown a constant value for how many years?

• A. None of the years
• B. 2
• C. 4
• D. 5
• A. 90
• B. 70
• C. 100
• D. Insufficient data
• A. go up
• B. go down
• C. remain the same as previous year
• D. nothing can be said
• A. 1985
• B. 1984
• C. 1991
• D. 1989
• A. 80
• B. 130
• C. 105
• D. Cannot be determined

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Step 1: Understanding the graph The given graph has two lines: - One for Food Production (in million tonnes). - One for Fertilizer Production (in million tonnes). Both are plotted from 1983 to 1991 on the same vertical scale. Step 2: What does "sum is constant" mean? The \emph{sum} is constant when the total Food Production + Fertilizer Production remains the same for two consecutive years. This can happen if: - Both values are individually constant, OR - One increases by exactly the same amount the other decreases. Step 3: Visual inspection year by year We visually compare the sum in consecutive years: - 1983 to 1984 → Total slightly changes. Not constant. - 1984 to 1985 → Increase in fertilizer is matched by decrease in food. Total looks unchanged → Constant. - 1985 to 1986 → Change in total. - 1986 to 1987 → Total remains constant again. - 1987 to 1988 → Change in total. - 1988 to 1989 → Change in total. - 1989 to 1990 → Change in total. - 1990 to 1991 → Change in total. Step 4: Counting constant-sum years We find exactly 2 years (1984–1985 and 1986–1987) where the sum stayed constant.

Answer 2

Step 1: Known values We are told: \[ \text{Food Production (F)} + \text{Fertilizer Production (P)} = 170 \ \text{million tonnes} \] We can estimate Fertilizer Production (P) from the graph for 1988. Step 2: Reading Fertilizer Production from the graph From the graph for 1988, Fertilizer Production is roughly \(\mathbf{80}\) million tonnes. Step 3: Finding Food Production \[ \text{Food Production} = 170 - 80 = 90 \ \text{million tonnes} \] Step 4: Verification Check that the values make sense on the same scale. 90 is in line with the plotted Food Production for 1988.

Answer 3

Step 1: Looking for patterns From 1983 to 1991, the Food Production line has the following behaviour: - Rises for 1–2 years, then dips. - After a dip, it generally increases again. Step 2: 1990 and 1991 behaviour From 1990 to 1991, Food Production is near its peak. If we follow the earlier cycles (peaks → dips → rises), 1992 should begin a new rise phase after any small dip, but the overall trend suggests a continuation upward. Step 3: Conclusion Based on the repeating cycles, 1992 is expected to have an increase in Food Production.

Answer 4

Step 1: Understanding "anomalous" An anomaly is a break from the usual pattern. From 1983 to 1991, Fertilizer Production generally moves moderately, often following the general direction of Food Production. Step 2: Checking year-by-year In most years, if Food Production goes up, Fertilizer Production either goes up or stays stable. However, in 1989: - Fertilizer Production drops sharply. - Food Production does not drop sharply and stays relatively high. Step 3: Conclusion The sharp independent fall in 1989 for Fertilizer Production is an anomaly compared to the earlier trend.

Answer 5

Step 1: Understanding the statement We are told: - If 1989 Fertilizer Production = 1988 Fertilizer Production, then the total for all years = 450 million tonnes. This means the actual 1989 Fertilizer Production was less than 1988’s by some amount. Step 2: Using the scale Since Food Production is on the same scale as Fertilizer Production, we can directly compare their plotted points. Step 3: Reading from the graph for 1983 The Food Production point for 1983 is a little above the midpoint between 100 and 110 on the scale. This is approximately \( \mathbf{105} \) million tonnes. Step 4: Why 105 is correct This estimate is consistent with the visual scaling and does not require further calculation from the fertilizer totals. The given fertilizer total clue is extra confirmation that the scale is consistent.