Question

Soils formed due to the influence of parent material masking the effect of climate is _______

• A. Endodynamomorphic
• B. Ectodynamomorphic
• C. Metamorphic
• D. Lateritic

Hint:

Remember the prefixes: "Endo-" means internal (parent material within), while "Ecto-" means external (climate and vegetation from outside). Therefore, parent material-dominated soils are "Endodynamomorphic."

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Soil formation (pedogenesis) is governed by active factors (climate, biosphere) and passive factors (parent material, topography, time).
Konstantin Glinka introduced terms to classify soils based on whether internal or external factors dominate their development.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us review Glinka's soil classification system:
Endodynamomorphic Soils (A): These are soils whose properties and development are dominated by the characteristics of the parent material.
The physical and chemical composition of the parent rock is so strong that it masks or overrides the normal influence of regional climate and vegetation.
Examples include Rendzinas (developed on highly calcareous limestone) and some Vertisols developed on basalt.
Ectodynamomorphic Soils (B): These are soils whose characteristics are predominantly determined by external environmental factors (primarily climate and vegetation).
The influence of the parent material is secondary or has been completely weathered away.
Metamorphic (C): Refers to rocks that have undergone transformation due to heat and pressure, not a soil formation category.
Lateritic (D): Represents highly weathered tropical soils, which are ectodynamomorphic in nature.
Therefore, soils dominated by the parent material are Endodynamomorphic.

Step 3: Final Answer:
Soils dominated by parent material are classified as Endodynamomorphic, which corresponds to option (A).