Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Sex linkage refers to the inheritance of genes located on sex chromosomes (allosomes).
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Sex-linked genes (X-linked genes, e.g., eye color in Drosophila, red-green color blindness and hemophilia in humans) are located on the non-homologous (differential) segment of the X-chromosome.
Because females possess two X chromosomes ($XX$) and males possess only one ($XY$), X-linked recessive traits exhibit characteristic criss-cross inheritance from father to daughter to grandson.
Step 3: Final Answer:
Therefore, sex-linked characters are controlled primarily by genes on the X-chromosome.