Adaptive radiation refers to the diversification of a single ancestral species into a variety of different forms to exploit different ecological niches. In this case, the marsupials Numbat, Spotted cuscus, and Flying phalanger are examples of Australian marsupials that have undergone adaptive radiation. The other options do not consist of marsupials or species that underwent significant adaptive radiation in Australia.
The correct option is (A): Numbat, Spotted cuscus, Flying phalanger
List I | List II | ||
A. | Tendrils of cucurbita and thorns of Bougainrillea | I. | Convergent evolution |
B. | Sweet potato and potato | II. | Adaptive radiation |
C. | Evening prime rose | III. | Divergent evolution |
D. | Darwin funches | IV. | Mutation |
Evolution is a process that occurs in changes in the genetic content of a population over time. Evolutionary change is generally classified into two: microevolution and macroevolution. The process of changes in allele frequencies in a population over time is a microevolutionary process. Three main mechanisms that cause allele frequency change are natural selection, genetic drift, and gene flow. On the other hand, macroevolution refers to change at or above the level of the species.