Question:

Prolonged deficiency of nicotinic acid causes

Updated On: Jul 13, 2024
  • pellagra
  • xerophthalmia
  • osteomalacia
  • anaemia.
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Solution and Explanation

Niacin (nicotinic acid) is a vitamin that acts as a part of coenzymes (NAD, NADP) which serve as hydrogen acceptors and donors for many enzymes. Its deficiency in the body causes pellagra which is characterized by dermatitis (skin inflammation), diarrhoea and dementia (nervous disorder). Deficiency of tocopherol (vitamin E) leads to destruction of RBCs. Deficiency of riboflavin (vitamin B2) causes inflammation of eyes, sores on the lips and skin diseases. Folic acid deficiency leads to anaemia and failure of RBCs to mature.
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Concepts Used:

Common Diseases in Human Beings

Any adverse variation from an organism's normal structural or functional condition is usually associated with specific signs and symptoms and distinct from physical injury.

  • Acute Disease

A few diseases appear out of nowhere and persist only a few days. Acute diseases, such as the common cold, are examples of them. Acute diseases frequently become chronic if they are not treated.

Acute diseases include strep throat, fractured bones, appendicitis, influenza, pneumonia, and others.

  • Symptoms and Treatments

Acute diseases develop quickly and are accompanied by unique symptoms that necessitate immediate or short-term treatment and improve once treated. Acute illnesses, such as the common cold, can sometimes go away on their own.

  • Chronic Diseases

Chronic diseases are illnesses that develop over time and endure for a long time or even a lifetime. Chronic disease is defined as a disease that lasts more than three years. The symptoms are relatively modest at first.