Question:

Presence of bundle sheath is a characteristic of:

  • xerophytic plants
  • members of grass family
  • $C_{4}$ -plants
  • $C_{3}$ -plants
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The Correct Option is C

Solution and Explanation

$C_{4}$ -plants have Kranz anatomy in their leaves. In this leaf, the vascular bundle is surrounded by bundle sheath and nesophyll cell. Chloroplasts in the bundle sheath cells lack grana while mesophyll chloroplasts are normal, eg, sugarcane, maize, Euphorbia, Amaranthus Sorghum, Portulaca and Chenopodium.
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Concepts Used:

Photosynthesis in Higher Plants

Processes Of Photosynthesis in Higher Plants:

Photosynthesis in higher plants involves the following processes:

  • Light Reaction
  • Dark Reaction

Light Reaction:

  • This phenomenon occurs in the presence of light.
  • The pigment absorbs light and produces energy in the form of ATP.
  • The process involves- absorption of light, water splitting, the release of oxygen, and formation of ATP and NADPH.

Dark Reaction:

This process occurs in the absence of light in the stroma of the chloroplasts. The following cycles are involved in the process:

  1. Calvin Cycle (C3 Cycle)
  2. C4 Cycle (Hatch and Slack Pathway)