Question

Parasitic plant that grow on the surface of host plant are called

• A. Epiphytes
• B. Endophytes
• C. Ectophytes
• D. Lianas

Hint:

Always distinguish between "Epiphyte" (Space parasite/not harmful) and "Ectoparasite" (Nutrient parasite/harmful).
Common parasitic plants like Cuscuta lack chlorophyll and are total stem parasites.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Step 1: Understanding the Question:
The question defines a specific category of plants based on their parasitic relationship and their location relative to the host plant body.
Detailed Explanation:

• Ectophytes (Ectoparasites):
"Ecto" means outside. Ectophytes or ectoparasitic plants grow on the surface of their host.
They develop specialized organs called haustoria that penetrate the host tissue to absorb water and nutrients, but the main body of the plant remains external.
Example: Cuscuta (Dodder) or mistletoe.

• Analysis of other options:
Epiphytes: These grow on the surface of other plants (usually for physical support), but they are not parasitic. They derive moisture and nutrients from the air and rain. Example: Many orchids and bromeliads.
Endophytes: These are organisms (often fungi or bacteria) that live inside the tissues of a plant for at least part of their life cycle without causing apparent disease. They often have a symbiotic relationship.
Lianas: These are long-stemmed, woody vines that are rooted in the soil at ground level and use trees as vertical support to climb up to the canopy. They are not parasitic.

Step 3: Final Answer:
Parasitic plants growing on the surface of the host are called ectophytes.