Question

Match Column I with Column II and select the right answer:

List-I (Adulteration detection)	List-II (Adulteration detection)
(A) Formalin	(I) Barium chloride
(B) Sodium hypochloride	(II) Detergent
(C) Quaternary Ammonium Compounds	(III) Preservative
(D) Ammonium salts	(IV) Sanitizer

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• (A) - (I), (B) - (II), (C) - (III), (D) - (IV)
• (A) - (I), (B) - (IV), (C) - (II), (D) - (III)
• (A) - (III), (B) - (IV), (C) - (II), (D) - (I)
• (A) - (III), (B) - (IV), (C) - (I), (D) - (II)

Hint:

Begin matching with the most definitive chemical associations:
- Formalin is a Preservative (A--III).
- Sodium hypochlorite is a Sanitizer (B--IV).
These two matches quickly narrow down the choices and point directly to option (C).

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Chemical adulterants, preservatives, and neutralizers are occasionally added to milk to artificially extend its shelf life or mask quality issues. Specialized analytical reagents are used to detect these specific chemical classes.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us match the chemical adulterants in List-I with their corresponding classifications or detection indicators in List-II:
1. (A). Formalin: Formaldehyde solution (formalin) is illegally added to milk as a Preservative to prevent bacterial spoilage. Hence, (A) matches with (III).
2. (B). Sodium hypochlorite: Sodium hypochlorite is a chlorine-releasing chemical widely used as a Sanitizer for dairy equipment, but its residue occasionally contaminates milk. Hence, (B) matches with (IV).
3. (C). Quaternary Ammonium Compounds (QACs): These are cationic surface-active agents classified chemically as Detergents and disinfectants. Hence, (C) matches with (II).
4. (D). Ammonium salts: Ammonium sulfate or other ammonium salts are added to increase nitrogen content. Their presence (specifically sulfate ions) is commonly detected using Barium chloride to yield a white barium sulfate precipitate. Hence, (D) matches with (I).
This yields the combination: (A) - (III), (B) - (IV), (C) - (II), (D) - (I).

Step 3: Final Answer
The correct matching sequence is given by option (C).