Question

Match List I with List II

List I (Graft) & List II (Description)
A. Autograft & I. Grafts transplanted between two genetically identical individuals
B. Allograft & II. Grafts transplanted between animals of different species
C. Isograft & III. Grafts transplanted from one point to another of the same animal
D. Xenograft & IV. Grafts transplanted between genetically different members of same species

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• A. A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II
• B. A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II
• C. A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV
• D. A-II, B-III, C-I, D-IV

Hint:

Auto = Self (No rejection); Iso = Genetically identical (No rejection); Allo = Same species (Rejection occurs without matching/immunosuppression); Xeno = Different species (Strongest rejection).

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Transplantation immunology classifies tissue grafts based on the genetic relationship between the donor and the recipient.
This relationship determines the degree of histocompatibility and the likelihood of immunological graft rejection.
Detailed Explanation:
Let us match the graft types with their physiological descriptions:
- A. Autograft: A tissue graft transplanted from one site to another on the same individual (such as a skin graft moved from the flank to the distal limb). Since the donor and recipient are the same individual, there is no immunological rejection. This matches with III. Grafts transplanted from one point to another of the same animal.
- B. Allograft (Homograft): A transplant performed between genetically different members of the same species. Allografts require immunosuppression because of differences in Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) antigens. This matches with IV. Grafts transplanted between genetically different members of same species.
- C. Isograft (Syngeneic graft): A graft transplanted between two genetically identical individuals (such as monozygotic twins or animals within a highly inbred strain). This matches with I. Grafts transplanted between two genetically identical individuals.
- D. Xenograft (Heterograft): A transplant performed between individuals of different species (such as a porcine heart valve transplanted into a dog). This represents a highly discordant graft subject to rapid hyperacute rejection. This matches with II. Grafts transplanted between animals of different species.
Therefore, the correct matches are: A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II.

Step 2: Final Answer:
The matching corresponds to Option (B).