Question

Match List I with List II:
List I
A. Vitamin D intoxication
B. Avitaminosis A
C. Rubber jaw
D. Lantana poisoning
List II
I. Squamous metaplasia
II. Photosensitization
III. Metastatic calcification
IV. Osteodystrophia fibrosa
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• A. A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III
• B. A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II
• C. A-I, B-III, C-II, D-IV
• D. A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II

Hint:

Remember these pathological associations: "Rubber jaw" is the classic clinical sign of osteodystrophia fibrosa in dogs, while "Lantana" camara is famous for causing hepatogenous photosensitization in ruminants.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Veterinary systemic pathology links nutritional deficiencies, toxicities, and metabolic diseases to specific tissue lesions.
Matching physiological disturbances with their characteristic pathological outcomes is essential for accurate post-mortem diagnosis.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us analyze each pair step-by-step:
1. Vitamin D intoxication (A):
Excessive intake of Vitamin D (or ingestion of calcinogenic plants like Solanum malacoxylon) causes hypercalcemia and hyperphosphatemia.
This high concentration of calcium and phosphorus leads to deposition of calcium salts in normal tissues, a process known as metastatic calcification.
This calcification typically affects the endocardium, aorta, lungs, and kidneys.
Thus, A matches with III.
2. Avitaminosis A (B):
Vitamin A is essential for maintaining the health and differentiation of epithelial tissues.
Its deficiency causes specialized columnar, ciliated, or secretory epithelial linings to undergo transition into stratified squamous keratinizing epithelium.
This process is known as squamous metaplasia and commonly affects the salivary glands, esophagus, and respiratory tract.
Thus, B matches with I.
3. Rubber jaw (C):
In chronic renal failure, retention of phosphorus and reduced synthesis of active Vitamin D lead to secondary hyperparathyroidism.
Excessive parathyroid hormone (PTH) causes bone resorption, replacing bone tissue with loose fibrous connective tissue.
This condition is called osteodystrophia fibrosa.
In dogs, it classically affects the mandible and maxilla, making the bones soft and pliable, a clinical sign known as rubber jaw.
Thus, C matches with IV.
4. Lantana poisoning (D):
Ingestion of the toxic plant Lantana camara releases triterpenoids (such as lantadene A and B), which cause intrahepatic cholestasis and liver damage.
The damaged liver cannot excrete phylloerythrin (a breakdown product of chlorophyll).
Phylloerythrin accumulates in the skin, where it absorbs UV light and produces singlet oxygen, causing cell damage and severe hepatogenous photosensitization.
Thus, D matches with II.
Combining the matches:
A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II.

Step 3: Final Answer:
The correct matching sequence is A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II.
Therefore, the correct answer is option (B).