Question

Match LIST-I with LIST-II
\begin{tabularx}{0.9\textwidth}{|l|X|l|X|} \hline \multicolumn{2}{|c|}{LIST-I} & \multicolumn{2}{c|}{LIST-II}
\multicolumn{2}{|c|}{Interaction Type} & \multicolumn{2}{c|}{Example}
\hline A. & Mutualism & I. & Chlorella vulgaris and Diatoms
B. & Commensalism & II. & Termites and Trichonympha
C. & Proto-cooperation & III. & Intestine of Man and Entamoeba coli
D. & Antibiosis & IV. & Adamsia pallia and hermit crab
\hline \end{tabularx}
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

• A. A - II, B - III, C - IV, D - I
• B. A - I, B - III, C - II, D - IV
• C. A - I, B - II, C - IV, D - III
• D. A - III, B - IV, C - I, D - II

Hint:

Differentiate Mutualism and Proto-cooperation by asking: "Is it required for survival?" If yes, it's Mutualism (e.g., Termite-Trichonympha). If no, it's Proto-cooperation (e.g., Hermit crab-Anemone).

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
This question requires matching different types of ecological interactions with their classic biological examples.

Step 2: Detailed Matching:
- A. Mutualism (+/+): An interaction where both species benefit, and the relationship is obligatory (they cannot survive without each other). The relationship between Termites and Trichonympha is a perfect example. The termite provides wood and a home, while the protozoan digests the cellulose. So, A matches II.
- B. Commensalism (+/0): An interaction where one species benefits, and the other is neither harmed nor helped. Entamoeba coli is a non-pathogenic amoeba living in the human intestine, feeding on gut contents without affecting the host. So, B matches III.
- C. Proto-cooperation (+/+): A non-obligatory mutualistic relationship. Both species benefit but can survive independently. The relationship between the sea anemone Adamsia pallia and a hermit crab is a classic example. The crab gets camouflage and protection, while the anemone gets mobility and food scraps. So, C matches IV.
- D. Antibiosis (-/0): A type of amensalism where one organism produces a chemical that inhibits or kills another. Allelopathy, where one organism secretes biochemicals that affect others, is a form of this. The relationship between certain algae like Chlorella and Diatoms can involve competition and allelopathy, where one may inhibit the other, making it a plausible (though less common) example of antibiosis in this context. So, D matches I.

Step 3: Final Answer:
The correct set of matches is A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I. This corresponds to option (A).