Question:
Match Column I with Column II and choose the correct option:
Column I (Type of Soil) Column II (Characteristic) a. Alluvial soil i. Sandy in texture and saline in nature b. Black soil ii. Very fertile, containing potash, phosphorus and lime c. Laterite soil iii. Made from lava parent rocks, suitable for cotton cultivation d. Arid soil iv. Decrease in humus content in semi-arid environment
Match Column I with Column II and choose the correct option:
| Column I (Type of Soil) | Column II (Characteristic) |
|---|---|
| a. Alluvial soil | i. Sandy in texture and saline in nature |
| b. Black soil | ii. Very fertile, containing potash, phosphorus and lime |
| c. Laterite soil | iii. Made from lava parent rocks, suitable for cotton cultivation |
| d. Arid soil | iv. Decrease in humus content in semi-arid environment |
Show Hint
Two descriptions almost name their soil. Lava and cotton point to black soil, and sandy with saline points to arid soil. Fix those two and the rest follows.
Updated On: Sep 15, 2026
- a-ii, b-iii, c-i, d-iv
- a-iii, b-ii, c-iv, d-i
- a-ii, b-iii, c-iv, d-i
- a-iii, b-ii, c-i, d-iv
Show Solution
Verified By Collegedunia
The Correct Option is C
Solution and Explanation
Concept:
Step 1: Fix pair (a), alluvial soil.
Alluvial soil is deposited by the rivers of the northern plains and is very fertile, containing adequate proportions of potash, phosphoric acid and lime, which makes it ideal for sugarcane, paddy and wheat.
So a matches ii.
Step 2: Fix pair (b), black soil.
Black soil is formed from lava parent rock of the Deccan trap region. It holds moisture well and is famous as the soil most suitable for growing cotton, which is why it is also called black cotton soil or regur.
So b matches iii.
Step 3: Fix pair (d), arid soil.
Arid soil is found in the dry western parts of the country. It is sandy in texture and saline in nature, and because evaporation is rapid it lacks humus and moisture.
So d matches i.
Step 4: Fix pair (c) with the option that is left.
Only description iv remains, which speaks of a decrease in humus content. This suits laterite soil, where high temperature destroys the decomposing bacteria, so very little humus is left in the soil.
So c matches iv.
Step 5: Combine the four pairs.
a-ii, b-iii, c-iv, d-i, which is option (C).
Final Answer: (C) a-ii, b-iii, c-iv, d-i
- Each of the four soils of India has one description that belongs to it alone, so the safest method is to settle each pair from the property named in Column II.
- The keywords to watch are saline, potash and lime, lava, and humus.
Step 1: Fix pair (a), alluvial soil.
Alluvial soil is deposited by the rivers of the northern plains and is very fertile, containing adequate proportions of potash, phosphoric acid and lime, which makes it ideal for sugarcane, paddy and wheat.
So a matches ii.
Step 2: Fix pair (b), black soil.
Black soil is formed from lava parent rock of the Deccan trap region. It holds moisture well and is famous as the soil most suitable for growing cotton, which is why it is also called black cotton soil or regur.
So b matches iii.
Step 3: Fix pair (d), arid soil.
Arid soil is found in the dry western parts of the country. It is sandy in texture and saline in nature, and because evaporation is rapid it lacks humus and moisture.
So d matches i.
Step 4: Fix pair (c) with the option that is left.
Only description iv remains, which speaks of a decrease in humus content. This suits laterite soil, where high temperature destroys the decomposing bacteria, so very little humus is left in the soil.
So c matches iv.
Step 5: Combine the four pairs.
a-ii, b-iii, c-iv, d-i, which is option (C).
Final Answer: (C) a-ii, b-iii, c-iv, d-i
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