Question:
Ketamine hydrochloride is under the category of
Ketamine hydrochloride is under the category of
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Dissociative Anesthetics: Ketamine and Tiletamine (Phencyclidine derivatives) $\rightarrow$ Non-competitive NMDA receptor blockers causing dissociative anesthesia.
Updated On: Sep 7, 2026
- Sedative drug
- Analgesic drug
- Muscle relaxant
- Dissociative anesthetic
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The Correct Option is D
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Phencyclidine derivative non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonists induce 'dissociative anesthesia' characterized by functional dissociation between the limbic and thalamocortical systems.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Ketamine Hydrochloride:
- A cyclohexanone phencyclidine derivative that acts as a non-competitive antagonist at the $N$-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor ion channel complex in the central nervous system.
- It produces a unique state of Dissociative Anesthesia:
1. Profound somatic analgesia and amnesia with superficial sleep.
2. Functional electrophysiological dissociation between the limbic system (suppressed) and thalamoneocortical system (activated).
3. Intact pharyngeal, laryngeal, corneal, and swallowing reflexes with open eyes (cataleptoid state) and increased muscle tone (mitigated by combining with diazepam/xylazine).
Step 3: Final Answer:
Hence, Ketamine hydrochloride is categorized as a Dissociative anesthetic, matching option (D).
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