Question:
In the forward feed type multiple effect evaporator, the liquid feed enters at that section of evaporation plant which has
In the forward feed type multiple effect evaporator, the liquid feed enters at that section of evaporation plant which has
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Evaporator Feed Arrangements:
FORWARD FEED = Feed enters Effect 1 $\rightarrow$ HIGHEST TEMP AND HIGHEST PRESSURE.
Backward Feed = Feed enters last effect $\rightarrow$ Lowest temp and lowest pressure.
FORWARD FEED = Feed enters Effect 1 $\rightarrow$ HIGHEST TEMP AND HIGHEST PRESSURE.
Backward Feed = Feed enters last effect $\rightarrow$ Lowest temp and lowest pressure.
Updated On: Sep 15, 2026
- Highest temperature and lowest pressure
- Highest temperature and highest pressure
- Lowest temperature and highest pressure
- Lowest temperature and lowest pressure
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The Correct Option is B
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Multiple effect evaporator feeding configurations: in Forward Feed operation, raw liquid feed and live boiler steam both enter the First Effect, which operates at the highest operating temperature and highest pressure, allowing gravity/pressure differentials to transfer concentrate downstream without inter-stage pumps.
Key Formula or Approach:
\[ \text{Forward Feed: Feed Enters Effect 1} \implies \mathbf{Highest \text{ } Pressure } (P_1) \quad \& \quad \mathbf{Highest \text{ } Temperature } (T_1) \]
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
In multiple effect evaporator flow configurations (Forward, Backward, Mixed, and Parallel Feed):
1. Forward Feed Configuration (B):
- Fresh raw milk feed and prime high-pressure boiler steam are introduced together into the First Effect.
- The First Effect operates at the Highest Temperature and Highest Pressure (e.g., $P_1 = 35\text{ kPa}, T_1 = 72^\circ ext{C}$).
- The liquid concentrate then cascades forward from Effect 1 to Effect 2 to Effect 3 following the natural pressure gradient ($P_1 > P_2 > P_3$) into progressively lower temperatures and deeper vacuum (Final Effect operates at Lowest Temperature and Lowest Pressure, e.g., $P_3 = 10\text{ kPa}, T_3 = 45^\circ ext{C}$).
- Advantage: Highly concentrated viscous product finishes at the lowest temperature, preventing thermal protein denaturation.
2. (In Backward Feed: Feed enters last effect at lowest $T$ and lowest $P$).
Step 3: Final Answer:
Hence, in forward feed the liquid enters at Highest temperature and highest pressure, matching option (B).
Multiple effect evaporator feeding configurations: in Forward Feed operation, raw liquid feed and live boiler steam both enter the First Effect, which operates at the highest operating temperature and highest pressure, allowing gravity/pressure differentials to transfer concentrate downstream without inter-stage pumps.
Key Formula or Approach:
\[ \text{Forward Feed: Feed Enters Effect 1} \implies \mathbf{Highest \text{ } Pressure } (P_1) \quad \& \quad \mathbf{Highest \text{ } Temperature } (T_1) \]
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
In multiple effect evaporator flow configurations (Forward, Backward, Mixed, and Parallel Feed):
1. Forward Feed Configuration (B):
- Fresh raw milk feed and prime high-pressure boiler steam are introduced together into the First Effect.
- The First Effect operates at the Highest Temperature and Highest Pressure (e.g., $P_1 = 35\text{ kPa}, T_1 = 72^\circ ext{C}$).
- The liquid concentrate then cascades forward from Effect 1 to Effect 2 to Effect 3 following the natural pressure gradient ($P_1 > P_2 > P_3$) into progressively lower temperatures and deeper vacuum (Final Effect operates at Lowest Temperature and Lowest Pressure, e.g., $P_3 = 10\text{ kPa}, T_3 = 45^\circ ext{C}$).
- Advantage: Highly concentrated viscous product finishes at the lowest temperature, preventing thermal protein denaturation.
2. (In Backward Feed: Feed enters last effect at lowest $T$ and lowest $P$).
Step 3: Final Answer:
Hence, in forward feed the liquid enters at Highest temperature and highest pressure, matching option (B).
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