Question

In the context of MGRs under the High Seas Treaty, what is a major point of legal contention?

• A. The right of states to build artificial islands.
• B. The equitable sharing of benefits derived from genetic sequences.
• C. The depth at which a submarine may submerge.
• D. The definition of a "launching state" for maritime satellites.

Hint:

This debate is similar to earlier disputes in the 1970s regarding seabed mining rights, highlighting the persistent struggle between the North and South over resources in international zones.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Concept: Marine Genetic Resources (MGRs) refer to genetic material of marine origin. The BBNJ Treaty (High Seas Treaty) aims to regulate activities in areas beyond national jurisdiction, where a primary point of debate is how to distribute the intellectual and financial profits generated from these resources.

Step 1: Understanding the 'Common Heritage' challenge.
Many developing nations advocate that MGRs, found in the high seas, are the "Common Heritage of Mankind." Consequently, they argue that the scientific findings and commercial products (such as medicines or materials derived from deep-sea organisms) must be shared equitably with all nations.

Step 2: Contrasting perspectives.
Industrialized nations, which possess the advanced technology and capital to conduct deep-sea research, have traditionally preferred that those who invest in the research should retain the intellectual property rights and associated profits. The High Seas Treaty represents a delicate diplomatic compromise on this contentious issue. equation Legal contention in MGRs = Equitable sharing of benefits equation center The equitable sharing of benefits derived from genetic sequences. center