Question:

In eukaryotes the genes are split because of

Updated On: Jun 21, 2022
  • Inverted sequences
  • Primary and secondary constrictions separate various genes
  • Broken DNA strands
  • Exons separated by introns
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The Correct Option is D

Solution and Explanation

R.J.Robert and P.A. Sharp (1977) discovered split genes (gene with introns) in eukaryotes for which they were awarded Noble Prize in 1993. Split genes, present in eukaryotes have coding gene which are not continuous, but are interrupted by noncoding sequence. There are two kinds of alternating segments in the split genes - exon and intron. Exon contains coding nucleotides sequences which are ultimately translated into? polypeptides. They carry genetic information. Intron contains non-coding nucleotide sequences which are not translated into polypeptides. Eukaryotic genes without introns are called exonic "genes (non split genes), e.g., histone gene, interferon gene.
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Concepts Used:

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

DNA Replication:

DNA synthesis is commenced at particular points within the DNA strand referred to as ‘origins’, which are certain coding regions. There are numerous origin sites, and when replication of DNA starts, these sites are mentioned as replication forks. Within the replication, the complex is the enzyme DNA Helicase, so that they can be utilized as a template for replication. DNA Primase is another enzyme that's essential in DNA replication.

RNA:

Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is an essential biological macromolecule that exists all together in biological cells. It is principally involved in the synthesis of proteins, that carry the messenger instructions from DNA, which itself contains the genetic instructions needed for the event and maintenance of life. In some viruses, RNA, in spite of DNA, carries genetic information.

Genetic Code:

Genetic code is the term we use in the manner that the four bases of DNA--the A, C, G, and Ts--are strung together in a way that the ribosome, the cellular machinery, can read them and switch them into a protein. In the ordering, every three nucleotides during a row count as a triplet and code for one amino alkanoic acid.

Read More: Molecular Basis of Inheritance