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Question:
Gnetum is considered closer to angiosperms than Cycas and Pinus because of
Gnetum is considered closer to angiosperms than Cycas and Pinus because of
Updated On: Jul 28, 2022
- presence of perianth and two integuments
- post fertilization development of endosperm
- absence of resin duct and leaf venation
- presence of vessel elements and absence of archegonia
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The Correct Option is D
Solution and Explanation
Unlike Cycas and Pinus and most other gymnosperms Gnetum shows the occurrence of vessel elements and the absence of archegonia. Archegonia are altogether absent in the female gametophyte and vessels occur in the xylem along with the tracheids in the secondary wood. Thus, Gnetum shows affinities with angiosperms. Besides, it resembles angiosperms in several other aspects like free nuclear divisions in the embryo sac, two cotyledonous embryo, etc.
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Concepts Used:
Angiosperms
A type of plant belonging to the kingdom Plantae is angiosperms. The term Angiosperm is acquired from two Greek words: Angio - ‘covered’ and Sperma - ‘seed’. They are the types of plants that contain flowers which is a well-defined feature and the seeds are enfolded within the fruits. Since they can bear both flowers and seeds are also called flowering plants, and also comprises around 80% of the living plants.
The Characteristics of Angiosperms are:
- The body of an angiosperm is evidently differentiated into several organs such as leaves, flowers, fruits, roots, stems, and seeds.
- Among these organs the decision of labor is well-coordinated, and each organ is peerlessly specialized for specific functions.
- Out of all angiosperms, most of them are herbs, shrubs, trees, climbers, etc.
- A vessel is the chief water and mineral that conducts Xylem elements.
- The sieve tube is the chief food that conducts Phloem elements.
- Endosperm has triploid cells.
- The angiosperms are basically divided into two groups, based on the presence of the number of cotyledons in the seed. They are
- Dicotyledonous or Dicot plants
- Monocotyledonous or Monocots Plants
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