Question

Given below are two statements:
Statement I: In cattle, ultrasonography is superior for visualization of small volumes of pleural fluid
Statement II: The pleural fluid can be detected by auscultation and acoustic percussion
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below

• A. Both Statement I and Statement II are true
• B. Both Statement I and Statement II are false
• C. Statement I is correct but Statement II is false
• D. Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is true

Hint:

Bovine Thoracic Diagnostics: Ultrasonography is the gold standard for small pleural effusions; Auscultation/Percussion detects fluid lines and ventral dullness.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Thoracic ultrasonography and physical examination semiology for detecting pleural effusion and pleuritis in bovine medicine.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
1. Statement I: In adult cattle (where thick thoracic musculature and ribs limit radiographic penetration), Transthoracic Ultrasonography (3.5--5.0 MHz) is by far the most sensitive imaging modality, capable of detecting small anechoic fluid pockets ($< 50 - 100\text{ mL}$) of pleural fluid and fibrinous adhesions in the ventral intercostal spaces. Hence, Statement I is true.
2. Statement II: Moderate to large volumes of pleural effusion are readily detected by auscultation (absence of ventral lung sounds with a horizontal fluid line) and acoustic percussion (ventral horizontal zone of absolute dullness). Hence, Statement II is true.

Step 3: Final Answer:
Thus, Both Statement I and Statement II are true, matching option (A).