Question

Given below are two statements.

Statement I: Both Wolffian and Mullerian ducts are present in the sexually undifferentiated embryo.

Statement II: M\"ullerian ducts develop to form the fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix, and the upper two-thirds of the vagina.

In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.

• A. Both Statement I and Statement II are true.
• B. Both Statement I and Statement II are false.
• C. Statement I is true but Statement II is false.
• D. Statement I is false but Statement II is true.

Hint:

Remember the embryology rule: Wolffian ducts form the male internal genital tract, whereas M\"ullerian ducts form the female internal genital tract. The lower one-third of the vagina develops from the urogenital sinus, making this a frequently tested distinction.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
The early embryo is sexually undifferentiated and possesses both Wolffian (mesonephric) and M\"ullerian (paramesonephric) ducts.
Sexual differentiation depends on the presence or absence of testicular hormones, which determine which duct system persists.
Detailed Explanation:
Statement I:
In the sexually indifferent embryo, both duct systems coexist regardless of genetic sex.
Later, in males, testosterone maintains the Wolffian ducts while Anti-M\"ullerian Hormone (AMH) causes regression of the M\"ullerian ducts.
In females, the absence of these hormones allows the M\"ullerian ducts to develop.
Therefore, Statement I is true.
Statement II:
The M\"ullerian ducts give rise to the principal female reproductive tract, including the fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix, and the upper two-thirds of the vagina.
The lower one-third of the vagina develops from the urogenital sinus.
Hence, Statement II is true.

Step 2: Final Answer:
Both Statement I and Statement II are true.
\[ \boxed{(A) Both Statement I and Statement II are true. \]