Question

Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R
Assertion A: Groundwater occurs in the zone of saturation below the land surface.
Reason R: Groundwater is in a dynamic state and move slowly.
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
• B. Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A
• C. A is true but R is false
• D. A is false but R is true

Hint:

Groundwater occurs below the water table in the zone of saturation.
Its movement is governed by Darcy's law: \(Q = K i A\).
Groundwater is a renewable but slow-moving resource.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Groundwater is the water present below the Earth's surface in the zone of saturation.
It occurs when all the pore spaces in soil and rock are filled with water.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Assertion A:
Groundwater occurs in the zone of saturation below the land surface.
The zone of saturation is the region where all pores and fractures are filled with water.
The upper surface of this zone is called the water table.
This statement is correct.
Reason R:
Groundwater is in a dynamic state and moves slowly.
Groundwater movement is governed by hydraulic gradient and permeability.
Typical groundwater velocities range from cm/day to m/day.
This statement is correct.
Relationship between A and R:
Both statements are correct but independent of each other.
A describes where groundwater occurs (zone of saturation).
R describes the movement characteristics of groundwater.
R does not explain why groundwater occurs in the zone of saturation.

Step 3: Final Answer:
Thus, both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.
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