Question:
Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R
Assertion A: Ion trapping is an important process in drug distribution with potential therapeutic benefit.
Reason R: At steady state, an acidic drug will accumulate on the more basic side of the membrane and a basic drug on the more acidic side.
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.
Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R
Assertion A: Ion trapping is an important process in drug distribution with potential therapeutic benefit.
Reason R: At steady state, an acidic drug will accumulate on the more basic side of the membrane and a basic drug on the more acidic side.
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.
Assertion A: Ion trapping is an important process in drug distribution with potential therapeutic benefit.
Reason R: At steady state, an acidic drug will accumulate on the more basic side of the membrane and a basic drug on the more acidic side.
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.
Show Hint
Remember the rule of thumb for ion trapping:
- "Like stays in unlike" $\rightarrow$ Weak acids are trapped in basic fluids; weak bases are trapped in acidic fluids.
This is the physiological basis of treating aspirin (acidic) toxicity with sodium bicarbonate (basic) to alkalize urine.
- "Like stays in unlike" $\rightarrow$ Weak acids are trapped in basic fluids; weak bases are trapped in acidic fluids.
This is the physiological basis of treating aspirin (acidic) toxicity with sodium bicarbonate (basic) to alkalize urine.
Updated On: Aug 24, 2026
- Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
- Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A
- A is true but R is false
- A is false but R is true
Show Solution
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The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Many drugs are weak organic acids or bases that exist in both ionized (charged) and unionized (uncharged) forms in solution.
Only the unionized form can freely cross lipid membranes.
This difference in permeability across pH gradients leads to "ion trapping."
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us analyze both statements:
- Assertion A: Ion trapping is a highly significant pharmacological process that governs drug distribution.
It has therapeutic benefits, such as weak basic drugs (like erythromycin) concentrating in acidic prostatic fluid or milk, or weak acids (like aspirin) being cleared faster by alkalizing the urine to trap them in their ionized form.
Thus, Assertion A is true.
- Reason R: Weak acidic drugs are highly unionized in acidic environments, allowing them to cross membranes.
Once they enter a basic environment, they become ionized and cannot diffuse back.
Consequently, acidic drugs accumulate on the more basic side of the membrane.
Conversely, weak basic drugs become highly ionized in acidic environments and are trapped on the more acidic side.
Thus, Reason R is true.
- Since this ionization and trapping mechanism directly explains why ion trapping occurs and how it affects drug distribution, Reason R is the correct explanation for Assertion A.
Step 3: Final Answer:
Therefore, both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
Many drugs are weak organic acids or bases that exist in both ionized (charged) and unionized (uncharged) forms in solution.
Only the unionized form can freely cross lipid membranes.
This difference in permeability across pH gradients leads to "ion trapping."
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us analyze both statements:
- Assertion A: Ion trapping is a highly significant pharmacological process that governs drug distribution.
It has therapeutic benefits, such as weak basic drugs (like erythromycin) concentrating in acidic prostatic fluid or milk, or weak acids (like aspirin) being cleared faster by alkalizing the urine to trap them in their ionized form.
Thus, Assertion A is true.
- Reason R: Weak acidic drugs are highly unionized in acidic environments, allowing them to cross membranes.
Once they enter a basic environment, they become ionized and cannot diffuse back.
Consequently, acidic drugs accumulate on the more basic side of the membrane.
Conversely, weak basic drugs become highly ionized in acidic environments and are trapped on the more acidic side.
Thus, Reason R is true.
- Since this ionization and trapping mechanism directly explains why ion trapping occurs and how it affects drug distribution, Reason R is the correct explanation for Assertion A.
Step 3: Final Answer:
Therefore, both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
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