Question

Explain the need to extend the network of national highways in India.

Hint:

NHAI (National Highways Authority of India) is the nodal agency for development and maintenance.
The 'Golden Quadrilateral' is a key project connecting Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, and Kolkata.

Answer 1

Concept:
• National Highways (NH) are the primary road network connecting state capitals, major cities, ports, and industrial hubs.
• Although they constitute only about 2% of total road length, they carry nearly 40% of road traffic.

Step 1: Analyse the role in interstate movement
National highways facilitate the long-distance movement of bulk goods and passengers across state borders.
A robust network is essential for the seamless integration of national markets.

Step 2: Examine economic and strategic importance
Extending NH networks promotes economic development in remote and backward areas by providing access to markets.
They are strategically vital for the rapid movement of defense forces and supplies, especially in border regions.

Step 3: Evaluate modern demand
With increasing urbanization and industrialization, the existing network faces severe congestion.
Expansion into 4-lane and 6-lane expressways is needed to improve efficiency, reduce travel time, and lower logistics costs.