Examine the relationships between the ‘unresting man’ and ‘unstable earth’.
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Semple belonged to the school of Environmental Determinism.
Solution and Explanation
• This statement is part of Ellen Churchill Semple’s definition of Human Geography.
• It emphasizes the dynamic and ever-changing nature of the relationship between humans and their environment.
Step 1: Define ‘unresting man’
'Unresting man' refers to the active nature of humans who are constantly struggling to survive and modifying the environment through activities like agriculture, industrialization, and urban development.
Step 2: Define ‘unstable earth’
'Unstable earth' signifies that the natural environment is not static. It is constantly changing due to geological processes, climate shifts, and natural cycles.
Step 3: Analyze the interaction
The relationship is mutual and continuous. Humans adapt to the changing earth, and in turn, the earth is transformed by human actions. There is no permanent state of equilibrium in this relationship.
Top CBSE CLASS XII Geography Questions
Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:
Hunting and Food Gathering
The earliest human beings depended on their immediate environment for their sustenance. They subsisted on: (a) animals which they hunted; and (b) the edible plants which they gathered from forests in the vicinity. Primitive societies depended on wild animals. People located in very cold and extremely hot climates survived on hunting. The people in the coastal areas still catch fish though fishing has experienced modernisation due to technological development. Many species, now have become extinct or endangered due to illegal hunting (poaching). The early hunters used primitive tools made of stones, twigs or arrows so the number of animals killed was limited. Gathering and hunting are the oldest economic activity known. These are carried out at different levels with different orientations. Gathering is practised in regions with harsh climatic conditions. It often involves primitive societies, who extract both plants and animals to satisfy their needs for food, shelter and clothing. This type of activity requires a small amount of capital investment and operates at very low levels of technology. The yield per person is very low and little or no surplus is produced.- Examine the role of climate, water availability, and soil fertility on the distribution of world population.
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- Relation Between Humans and their Physical Environment
You are already aware of the fact that the core concern of geography as a discipline is to understand the earth as home of human beings and to study all those elements, which have sustained them. Thus, emphasis is on study of nature and human beings. You will realise that geography got subjected to dualism and the wide-ranging debates started whether geography as a discipline should be a law making/theorising (nomothetic) or descriptive (idiographic).
Human beings interact with their physical environment with the help of technology. It is not important what human beings produce and create but it is extremely important ’with the help of what tools and techniques do they produce and create’.
Technology indicates the level of cultural development of society. Human beings were able to develop technology after they developed better understanding of natural laws. - Explain the regional analysis approach of human geography.
- Explain the spatial organisation approach of human geography.
- Examine the concept of naturalisation of humans.
- Examine the humanistic approach of human geography.
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