Question:

Eccentricity of the ellipse $4x^2 + y^2 -8x + 4y -8= 0$ is

Updated On: Jun 7, 2024
  • $\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}$
  • $\frac{\sqrt{3}}{4}$
  • $\frac{\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{2}}$
  • $\frac{\sqrt{3}}{8}$
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The Correct Option is A

Solution and Explanation

Equation $4 x^{2}+y^{2}-8 x+4 y-8=0$ is an ellipse. $\Rightarrow 4(x-1)^{2}+(y+2)^{2}-8-8=0$ $=4(x-1)^{2}+(y+2)^{2}=16$ $=\frac{(x-1)^{2}}{4}+\frac{(y+2)^{2}}{16}=1$, where $b >a$ $\therefore$ Eccentricity $(e)=\sqrt{1-\frac{a^{2}}{b^{2}}}$ $=\sqrt{1-\frac{4}{16}}=\sqrt{\frac{12}{16}}=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}$
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Concepts Used:

Ellipse

Ellipse Shape

An ellipse is a locus of a point that moves in such a way that its distance from a fixed point (focus) to its perpendicular distance from a fixed straight line (directrix) is constant. i.e. eccentricity(e) which is less than unity

Properties 

  • Ellipse has two focal points, also called foci.
  • The fixed distance is called a directrix.
  • The eccentricity of the ellipse lies between 0 to 1. 0≤e<1
  • The total sum of each distance from the locus of an ellipse to the two focal points is constant
  • Ellipse has one major axis and one minor axis and a center

Read More: Conic Section

Eccentricity of the Ellipse

The ratio of distances from the center of the ellipse from either focus to the semi-major axis of the ellipse is defined as the eccentricity of the ellipse.

The eccentricity of ellipse, e = c/a

Where c is the focal length and a is length of the semi-major axis.

Since c ≤ a the eccentricity is always greater than 1 in the case of an ellipse.
Also,
c2 = a2 – b2
Therefore, eccentricity becomes:
e = √(a2 – b2)/a
e = √[(a2 – b2)/a2] e = √[1-(b2/a2)]

Area of an ellipse

The area of an ellipse = πab, where a is the semi major axis and b is the semi minor axis.

Position of point related to Ellipse

Let the point p(x1, y1) and ellipse

(x2 / a2) + (y2 / b2) = 1

If [(x12 / a2)+ (y12 / b2) − 1)]

= 0 {on the curve}

<0{inside the curve}

>0 {outside the curve}