Question

During Observation, observer bias happens when

• A. Observation is done only of infants
• B. The observer records what is expected rather than recording the subjects' actual behaviour, actions and conversations
• C. The observer uses a camera to record behaviour
• D. The observer uses time sampling method to record the observation

Hint:

Observer Bias: Expectancy effect where observer records subjective expectations instead of objective reality. Minimized using blind/double-blind observation.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Observational research methodology identifies cognitive bias and systematic measurement errors during data recording.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
In psychological and behavioral research:
Observer Bias (experimenter expectancy effect) occurs when the researcher's preconceived hypotheses, personal expectations, or prejudices unconsciously influence how they perceive, interpret, and record the participants' actual behaviors and interactions, leading to skewed results.

Step 3: Final Answer:
Thus, observer bias happens when The observer records what is expected rather than recording actual behaviour, corresponding to option (B).