Question

Dugout ponds or excavated ponds are fed by:
A. Springs
B. Surface runoff
C. Wells
D. Groundwater wherever aquifers are available
E. Storage reservoirs
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• A. A and B only
• B. B, D and E only
• C. B, C and D only
• D. B and D only

Hint:

Dugout ponds are used for rainwater harvesting.
They are common in areas with impermeable soil layers.
Water is stored for irrigation, domestic use, and livestock.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Dugout ponds are man-made water bodies created by excavating soil from the ground.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Dugout ponds are fed by:
- Surface runoff (B): Water flowing over the land surface during rainfall.
- Groundwater (D): When the excavation reaches the water table or intersects an aquifer.
Other sources:
- Springs (A): Feed natural ponds, not excavated ponds.
- Wells (C): Man-made structures, not sources of pond water.
- Storage reservoirs (E): Man-made lakes, not sources for dugout ponds.
Thus, dugout ponds are primarily fed by surface runoff and groundwater.

Step 3: Final Answer:
Thus, the correct answer is B and D only.
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