Question

Ductility of a material is defined as the ability of material to

• A. Regain its original form after deformative forces are removed
• B. Undergo large permanent deformation in tension
• C. Undergo large permanent deformation in compression
• D. Withstand high impact forces

Hint:

Mechanical Properties:
DUCTILITY = Large permanent deformation in TENSION (drawn into wires).
Malleability = Large deformation in COMPRESSION (rolled into sheets).
Elasticity = Regains shape.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Mechanical properties of engineering materials: Ductility is the capacity of a solid material to undergo substantial plastic (permanent) deformation under tensile stress before fracture (enabling it to be drawn into thin wires).
Key Formula or Approach:
\[ \text{Ductility Metric: } \% \text{ Elongation} = \frac{L_f - L_0}{L_0} \times 100 \quad \& \quad \% \text{ Reduction in Area} = \frac{A_0 - A_f}{A_0} \times 100 \]

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
In strength of materials and metallurgy for dairy equipment fabrication:
1. Ductility (B): The mechanical property of a material enabling it to undergo large permanent (plastic) deformation in tension without fracture, allowing it to be drawn into thin wires or spun into deep containers (e.g., austenitic stainless steel AISI 304, copper, aluminum).
2. Malleability: The ability to undergo large permanent plastic deformation in compression (beaten/rolled into thin sheets).
3. Elasticity (A): The ability to regain original shape upon release of deforming forces.
4. Toughness (D): The ability to withstand high impact shock forces without fracturing.

Step 3: Final Answer:
Hence, ductility is the ability to Undergo large permanent deformation in tension, matching option (B).