Question

Differentiate between conventional and non-conventional sources of energy.

Hint:

Separate them on three counts, whether the source can be used up, whether it pollutes, and what it costs. Then name examples from each group.

Answer 1

Concept:

• Sources of energy are grouped by how long they have been in use and whether nature can replace them at the rate at which we consume them.
• Conventional sources are the older, mostly exhaustible ones, while non-conventional sources are newer and mostly renewable.

Step 1: Define conventional sources and give examples.
These are the sources in use for a long time. They include firewood, cattle dung cake, coal, petroleum, natural gas and electricity, both hydel and thermal.

Step 2: Define non-conventional sources and give examples.
These are the newer sources being developed as alternatives. They include solar, wind, tidal, geothermal, biogas and atomic energy.

Step 3: Compare them on whether they run out.
Most conventional sources such as coal and petroleum are exhaustible, since they were formed over millions of years and cannot be replaced once used. Most non-conventional sources are renewable, because sunlight, wind and tides keep returning.

Step 4: Compare them on pollution and cost.
Burning coal and petroleum releases smoke and harmful gases, so conventional sources are polluting. Solar, wind and tidal energy are clean and environment friendly, though the equipment needed to capture them is costly to set up.

Final Answer: Conventional sources such as coal, petroleum and firewood have been used for a long time, are largely exhaustible and cause pollution. Non-conventional sources such as solar, wind, tidal and geothermal energy are newer, renewable and environment friendly.