Question

Dermal toxicosis may produce allergic reactions such as
A. Dermatitis
B. Burning
C. Itching sensation in skin
D. Mutagenesis

• A. A and D only
• B. C and D only
• C. B and D only
• D. A, B and C only

Hint:

To solve this easily, look at the nature of the parameters:
- Dermatitis, burning, and itching are immediate or delayed clinical signs of hypersensitivity.
- Mutagenesis is a molecular-level genetic alteration that does not fall under the category of "allergic reactions."

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Dermal toxicosis is the pathological state resulting from the contact of toxic substances with the skin.
Allergic reactions produced during dermal toxicosis represent hypersensitivity reactions (Type I or Type IV) mediated by immune components, which lead to localized cutaneous inflammation.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us analyze the physiological and pathological responses:
- A. Dermatitis: Inflammation of the skin characterized by redness, swelling, and lesions, which is a hallmark symptom of contact allergy (Type IV hypersensitivity).
- B. Burning: A localized sensory nerve response triggered by inflammatory mediators (like histamines, bradykinins) released during the allergic reaction.
- C. Itching sensation in skin (Pruritus): The classic subjective sensory response triggered by histamine release from degranulating mast cells in the dermis during allergic reactions.
- D. Mutagenesis: The structural alteration of the genetic material (DNA) in cell nuclei.
Mutagenesis is a genotoxic process, not an allergic or hypersensitivity reaction.

Step 3: Final Answer:
Since dermatitis, burning, and itching are classic allergic dermal responses, while mutagenesis is a genotoxic event, the correct option is (D).