In the equation GPP - R = NPP
GPP is Gross Primary Productivity
NPP is Net Primary Productivity
R here is ________.
Given below are two statements:
Statement I: Gause’s ‘Competitive Exclusion Principle’ states that two closely related species competing for the same resources cannot co-exist indefinitely and competitively inferior one will be eliminated eventually.
Statement II: In general, carnivores are more adversely affected by competition than herbivores.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below: