Analyse the changing pattern of import composition in India between 2009 to 2017.
Show Hint
2. Rising capital goods imports indicate a focus on industrial self-reliance and "Make in India."
Solution and Explanation
• Import composition indicates the nature of goods a country buys from abroad to meet its domestic demand and industrial requirements.
• India's import basket is heavily influenced by its energy needs and industrialization goals.
Step 1: Persistence of Petroleum, Oil, and Lubricants (POL)
POL remains the single largest item in India's import bill.
Rapid urbanization and industrial growth have kept the demand for energy very high.
Price fluctuations in the international market significantly affect the total value of these imports.
Step 2: Increase in capital goods imports
There has been a consistent demand for capital goods like machinery, transport equipment, and high-tech electronics.
These imports are essential for the expansion of India's manufacturing and infrastructure sectors.
Step 3: Trends in gold and precious metals
Gold imports remained a significant part of the non-POL import bill.
Despite various government restrictions to control the current account deficit, the cultural and investment demand for gold persisted.
Step 4: Import of raw materials for export-oriented industries
India imports large quantities of pearls, precious stones, and semi-precious stones.
These are processed domestically and then re-exported as finished jewelry, adding significant value.
Top CBSE CLASS XII Geography Questions
Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:
Hunting and Food Gathering
The earliest human beings depended on their immediate environment for their sustenance. They subsisted on: (a) animals which they hunted; and (b) the edible plants which they gathered from forests in the vicinity. Primitive societies depended on wild animals. People located in very cold and extremely hot climates survived on hunting. The people in the coastal areas still catch fish though fishing has experienced modernisation due to technological development. Many species, now have become extinct or endangered due to illegal hunting (poaching). The early hunters used primitive tools made of stones, twigs or arrows so the number of animals killed was limited. Gathering and hunting are the oldest economic activity known. These are carried out at different levels with different orientations. Gathering is practised in regions with harsh climatic conditions. It often involves primitive societies, who extract both plants and animals to satisfy their needs for food, shelter and clothing. This type of activity requires a small amount of capital investment and operates at very low levels of technology. The yield per person is very low and little or no surplus is produced.- Examine the role of climate, water availability, and soil fertility on the distribution of world population.
- Examine three stages of demographic transition theory.
- Study the map of Rhine waterways and answer the questions that follow:
- Explain the main features of National Highways in India.
Top CBSE CLASS XII International Trade Questions
- Read the following statements related to international trade of India carefully and choose the correct option:
(i) India has a long coastline surrounded by the ocean from three sides.
(ii) Indian coasts have a large number of well-developed sea ports.
(iii) Kandla port exports a huge amount of iron-ore.
(iv) The transportation cost by water is very cheap for voluminous items. - Two statements are given below. They are Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Read both the statements carefully and choose the correct option:
Assertion (A): ‘International trade may prove to be detrimental to nations.’
Reason (R): ‘It may lead to dependence on other nations causing exploitation.’ - Choose the correct option to fill the blank:
“In modern times, trade is the basis of the world’s economic organisation and is related to the_____ of nations.” - Read the following statements related to international trade of India carefully and choose the correct option:
(i) India has a long coastline surrounded by the ocean from three sides.
(ii) Indian coasts have a large number of well-developed sea ports.
(iii) Kandla port exports a huge amount of iron-ore.
(iv) The transportation cost by water is very cheap for voluminous items. - Study the following table carefully and answer the Questions.
Composition of India’s Export: 2009-2017
Top CBSE CLASS XII Questions
- 2, b, c are in A.P. and the range of determinant $\begin{vmatrix}1&1&1\\ 2&b&c\\ 4&b^{2}&c^{2}\end{vmatrix}$ is [2, 16]. Then find range of c is
- A boy of mass 50 kg is standing at one end of a, boat of length 9 m and mass 400 kg. He runs to the other, end. The distance through which the centre of mass of the boat boy system moves is
- A capillary tube of radius r is dipped inside a large vessel of water. The mass of water raised above water level is M. If the radius of capillary is doubled, the mass of water inside capillary will be
- A circular disc is rotating about its own axis. An external opposing torque 0.02 Nm is applied on the disc by which it comes rest in 5 seconds. The initial angular momentum of disc is
- A circular disc is rotating about its own axis at uniform angular velocity \(\omega.\) The disc is subjected to uniform angular retardation by which its angular velocity is decreased to \(\frac {\omega}{2}\) during 120 rotations. The number of rotations further made by it before coming to rest is