Question:
An 'artificial seed' consists of gel enclosing one of the following components. Which one?
An 'artificial seed' consists of gel enclosing one of the following components. Which one?
Show Hint
Somatic embryos are the ideal component for synthetic seeds because they possess both shoot and root primordia, allowing them to germinate directly into complete plants without an extra rooting step.
Updated On: Aug 13, 2026
- a zygotic embryo
- an unfertilized ovule
- a shoot bud or somatic embryo
- a minute plantlet
Show Solution
Verified By Collegedunia
The Correct Option is C
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Artificial seeds, or synthetic seeds, are encapsulated vegetative structures produced in vitro that can be handled and sown in a manner similar to natural seeds to produce complete plants.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
The encapsulation process mimics the structure of a natural seed. It consists of:
1. The Propagule (analogous to the zygotic embryo): This is typically a somatic embryo (derived through somatic embryogenesis) or a vegetative meristematic tissue like a shoot bud or nodal segment.
2. The Gel Matrix (analogous to the endosperm/seed coat): A protective, nutrient-rich hydrogel, most commonly sodium alginate, complexed with calcium chloride to form a semi-solid bead. This gel contains nutrients, growth regulators, and antimicrobials to support early development.
Zygotic embryos are part of natural seeds and are not used to make artificial seeds. Unfertilized ovules do not readily regenerate into complete plants, and whole plantlets are too large and fragile for this type of encapsulation.
Therefore, artificial seeds are produced by enclosing somatic embryos or shoot buds in a protective gel matrix.
Step 3: Final Answer:
Hence, an artificial seed consists of gel enclosing a shoot bud or somatic embryo.
Artificial seeds, or synthetic seeds, are encapsulated vegetative structures produced in vitro that can be handled and sown in a manner similar to natural seeds to produce complete plants.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
The encapsulation process mimics the structure of a natural seed. It consists of:
1. The Propagule (analogous to the zygotic embryo): This is typically a somatic embryo (derived through somatic embryogenesis) or a vegetative meristematic tissue like a shoot bud or nodal segment.
2. The Gel Matrix (analogous to the endosperm/seed coat): A protective, nutrient-rich hydrogel, most commonly sodium alginate, complexed with calcium chloride to form a semi-solid bead. This gel contains nutrients, growth regulators, and antimicrobials to support early development.
Zygotic embryos are part of natural seeds and are not used to make artificial seeds. Unfertilized ovules do not readily regenerate into complete plants, and whole plantlets are too large and fragile for this type of encapsulation.
Therefore, artificial seeds are produced by enclosing somatic embryos or shoot buds in a protective gel matrix.
Step 3: Final Answer:
Hence, an artificial seed consists of gel enclosing a shoot bud or somatic embryo.
Was this answer helpful?
0
0
Top ICAR AIEEA Plant Sciences Questions
- Both plant and animal cells contain some small organelles called 'peroxisomes', which are dedicated to the metabolism of substances such as
- Chemicals that store energy for the majority of work within cells are called
- The longest phase during the eukaryotic cell cycle is
- The formula: [Sum of (Observed-Expected)$^2$/Expected] is also known as
- Human beings have a large-sized 'proteome'. The principal and more significant reason for this is-
View More Questions
Top ICAR AIEEA Plant Biotechnology Questions
- 'Ti Plasmid' is associated with which disease?
- Which of the following organisms naturally possess CRISPR-Cas systems?
- Match List-I with List-II
List-I (Characteristic):
(A). Restriction digestion followed by PCR amplification of selected fragments
(B). Use of PCR to amplify repeat motifs of DNA
(C). Variation in single nucleotides within a DNA sequence
(D). Detection of variations in the length of DNA fragments produced by restriction enzymes
List-II (DNA marker):
(I). RFLP
(II). SNP
(III). SSR
(IV). AFLP - Given below are two statements:
Statement (I): Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism is a type of molecular marker that relies on enzymatic digestion and PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction).
Statement (II): Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism is a type of molecular marker that detects variations in the length of DNA fragments generated by digestion with restriction enzymes.
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below. - Arabidopsis thaliana is advantageous for plant genetic research, because -
(A) It is a small plant with a short life cycle
(B) It is a commercially important oilseed crop with a botanical closeness with almost all the cereal crops
(C) It has a small genome size with known sequence information
(D) It can be raised inexpensively
View More Questions
Top ICAR AIEEA Questions
- Which of the following statements is false?
- Which of the following is an example of an inventory?
- According to Adam Smith, productivity gains could be brought about through .
- The supply curve for an artificially scarce good is .
- Which of the following would not be considered an opportunity cost of paid employment?
View More Questions