According to fossils which discovered up to present time,origin and evolution of man was started from which country
The correct option is (C) : Africa
Homo sapiens' contemporary evolution took occurred in Africa between 75k and 10k years ago, during the ice age. They travelled between continents and gave rise to different races. One of them has a high skull cap to provide room for a huge brain; hominid craniums may hold up to 1450cc. As a result of not eating raw meat, they have tiny teeth and non-protruding jaws. They had the skills necessary to create and employ sophisticated tools. Cave art first appeared about 18k years ago. Additionally, the introduction of agriculture about 10,000 years ago allowed people to expand and establish towns.
| Pair of skeletal parts | Category | |
|---|---|---|
| (a)$\,\,$ | Sternum and ribs$\,\,$ | Axial skeleton |
| (b)$\,\,$ | Clavicle and glenoid cavity$\,\,$ | Pelvic girdle |
| (c)$\,\,$ | Flumerus and ulna$\,\,$ | Appendicular skeleton |
| (d)$\,\,$ | Malleus and stapes$\,\,$ | Ear ossicles |
| Convergent evolution | Divergent evolution | |
|---|---|---|
| (a) | Eyes of octopus and mammals | Bones of forelimbs of vertebrates |
| (b) | Thorns of Bougainvillea and tendrils of Cucurbita | Wings of butterfly and birds |
| (c) | Bones of forelimbs of vertebrates | Wings of butterfly and birds |
| (d) | Thorns of Bougainvillea and tendrils of Cucurbita | Eyes of octopus and mammals |
Evolution is a process that occurs in changes in the genetic content of a population over time. Evolutionary change is generally classified into two: microevolution and macroevolution. The process of changes in allele frequencies in a population over time is a microevolutionary process. Three main mechanisms that cause allele frequency change are natural selection, genetic drift, and gene flow. On the other hand, macroevolution refers to change at or above the level of the species.