List of top Transportation Engineering Questions on Statistical analysis of traffic data asked in GATE CE

Consider the pin-jointed truss shown in the figure. Influence line is drawn for the axial force in the member G-I, when a unit load travels on the bottom chord of the truss.
Identify the CORRECT influence line from the following options:
Note: Positive value corresponds to tension and negative value corresponds to compression in the member.

Differential levelling is carried out from point P (BM: +200.000 m) to point R.
The readings taken are given in the table.

Points	Staff readings (m)		Remarks
Points	Back Sight	Fore Sight	Remarks
P	(-)2.050		BM: +200.00 m
Q	1.050	0.950	Q is a change point
R		(-)1.655

Reduced Level (in meters) of the point R is _______ (rounded off to 3 decimal places).

The following data is obtained from an axle load survey at a site:
Average rear axle load = 12000 kg
Number of commercial vehicles = 800 per day
The pavement at this site would be reconstructed over a period of 5 years from the date of survey. The design life of the reconstructed pavement is 15 years. Use the standard axle load as 8160 kg and the annual average vehicle growth rate as 4.0%. Assume that Equivalent Wheel Load Factor (EWLF) and Vehicle Damage Factor (VDF) are equal.
The cumulative standard axle (in msa) for the pavement design is _____ (rounded off to 2 decimal places).