List of top Human Anatomy and Physiology Questions on Cardiovascular system asked in GATE Biomedical Engineering

The approximate total cross sectional areas of various types of blood vessels are given below. It was estimated that the velocity of blood in the aorta is 30 cms^-1. The time it will take for the blood to travel through a capillary of length 0.5 mm is_______ seconds. Give your answer rounded off to two decimal places.

Vessel Type	Approximate total cross sectional area (cm2)
Aorta	4.5
Artery	20
Arteriole	400
Capillary	4500
Venule	40
Vein	15

An orthopaedic implant when monitored over 6 months showed the following normalized curves for polymer molecular weight (MW), mass of implant and mechanical strength. Among the choices, what is the most probable reason for the observed changes ?

In an attempt to integrate engineered tissue with native tissue, three samples of engineered tissue, X, Y, Z, with identical material properties, were co-cultured adjacent to three different native tissues (bone, cartilage and liver). The adhesive strengths of X, Y, Z were observed after 8 weeks as follows.
Adhesive strength for X = 150 kPa, Y= 250 kPa, Z= 350 kPa
Match the native tissue that were used to co-culture X, Y and Z from the following.
I : Liver Tissue
II : Articular Cartilage
III: Devitalized Bone

A mechanical ventilator operating in volume controlled mode is set to deliver 600mL of tidal volume (TV) with a flow rate of 40 L/min. The frequency of breathing is set to 10 breaths per minute. If the flow rate is doubled which one of the following happens ?

The end-diastolic ventricular volume is found to be 125 mL and the end-systolic ventricular volume is found to be 50 mL. If the heart rate is 65 beats/minute, what is the cardiac output in liters per minute? (Rounded off to 2 decimal places.)

Match the different chambers/locations of a healthy human heart in Column-1 to the ranges of diastolic pressures in Column-2.

Column-1		Column-2
(P)	Arterial	(I)	2-6 mm Hg
(Q)	Pulmonary artery	(II)	8-12 mm Hg
(R)	Right ventricle	(III)	60-80 mm Hg

The cardiac rhythm in a healthy human heart originates from ______.