The separation of two chromatids of each chromosome at early anaphase is initiated by

Updated On: Aug 1, 2022

the interaction of centromere with the chromosomal fibres
the elongation of metaphasic spindle
the force of repulsion between the divided kinetochores
all of these

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The Correct Option is C

Solution and Explanation

Kinetochore is a plate-like structure by which microtubules of the spindle attach to the centromere of a chromosome during nuclear division. The centromere of each chromosome divides into two, so that each chromatid comes to have its own centromere. The two chromatids now start repelling each other and separate completely to become daughter chromosomes. The daughter or new chromosomes move towards the poles of spindle along the path of their chromosome fibres.

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Notes on Significance Of Mitosis

Study Mitosis Through a Temporary Mount of the Onion Root Tip Overview and Procedure Biology

Concepts Used:

Mitosis

Mitosis is a cell division stage of the cell cycle during which DNA in the nucleus cell gets split into two equal chromosome sets. Cell division results in the formation of genetically identical cells with the same number of chromosomes. Mitosis is also known as equational division.

Features of Mitosis:

In each cycle of cell division, two daughter cells are formed from the parent cell.
The cell is also known as equational cell division because the chromosome number in the parent cell and daughter cell is the same.
In plants, mitosis leads to the growth of vegetative parts of the plant like root tip, stem tip, etc.
Segregation and combination do not occur in this process.

Read Also: Mitosis Stages

Stages of Mitosis are:

Interphase: Technically, it is not a part of mitosis, however, it is still a crucial process as it leads up to the process of mitosis. Hence, the interphase refers to all the other stages of cell cycle other than mitosis.
Prophase: It is the first stage of mitosis. It is also the longest phase of mitosis, where the chromatin condenses into chromosomes and the nuclear membrane breaks down (in prometaphase). In animal cells, the centrioles located near the nucleus begin to split and move to the opposite ends of the cell.
Metaphase: In this phase, the microtubules pull on the chromosomes with equal force, and the chromosome moves to the center of the cell.
Anaphase: This phase is marked by the splitting of the sister chromatids. These sister chromatids then become the chromosomes of the daughter nuclei.
Telophase: It is the final phase of mitosis. It begins after the replicated, paired chromosomes are separated and pulled at the opposite ends of the pole.

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