Question:

The decreasing order of stability of oxides of halogen is

Updated On: May 12, 2024
  • fluorine > chlorine > iodine > bromine
  • fluorine > chlorine > bromine > iodine
  • iodine > bromine > chlorine > fluorine
  • iodine > chlorine > bromine > fluorine.
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The Correct Option is D

Solution and Explanation

In oxides of halogen, the bonds are mainly covalent due to small difference in electronegativity between the halogens and oxygen: the bond polarity, however, increases as we move from F to I. The stability of oxides of iodine is greater than those of chlorine while bromine oxides are the least stable. Iodine-oxygen bond is stable due to greater polarity of the bond while the stability of the chlorine-oxygen bond is due to multiple bond formation involving d-orbitals of the chlorine atom. Bromine being in between lacks both these characteristics. Thus, the stability of oxides of halogens decreases in the order : I > Cl > Br > F.
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Concepts Used:

Group 17 Elements

Halogens are the group 17 elements of the periodic table. The term ‘halogen’ means ‘salt-producing’, hence the name halogens as they possess the tendency to form salts after reacting to metals. It generally has five elements:

  • Fluorine (F)
  • Chlorine (Cl)
  • Bromine (Br)
  • Iodine (I)
  • Astatine (At)

These are all naturally occurring halogens but Tennessine (Ts) is an artificially created halogen.

Halogens:

Halogens are highly reactive elements and are highly electronegative. They have a high tendency to react with metals to form salts. They are also known as Group 17 elements. They have 7 electrons in their outer shell with a configuration of (ns2 np5). Fluorine being the first halogen in group 17, is highly reactive. Astatine is a halogen because of its resemblance with iodine despite it being radioactive.

Electronic Configuration:

The general electronic configuration for group 17 elements is ns2np5. This configuration clearly shows that they have 7 electrons in their valence shell. They require one more electron to complete their octet and achieve noble gas configuration.