Question

Briefly describe the structure of the Brain.

Answer 1

The brain is the central nervous system of the body. It is covered by three meninges known as cranial meninges, which are shielded by the skull. The pia mater is an extension of the brain tissue on the inside, the arachnoid is a thin, fragile membrane in the middle, and the dura mater is a fibrous, thick membrane on the outside. This layer is very vascular and has a substantial blood supply. The three main brain divisions are the forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain.

Forebrain: It is divided into three sections, which are as follows:
Olfactory lobes: These are a pair of very tiny, solid club-shaped entities that are far apart from one another.
Cerebrum – It is the largest and most complex. The cerebral hemispheres on the right and left of the brain are separated by a deep gap and are joined by the corpus callosum, a network of myelinated fibers. Diencephalon
It encloses the third ventricle, which is a slit-like chamber. The thick right and left sides of this cavity are referred to as the thalami, its thin floor as the hypothalamus, and its thin ceiling as the epithalamus.
Midbrain: It is placed between the thalamus/hypothalamus of the forebrain and the pons of the hindbrain. Its upper surface has two pairs of spherical extensions called corpora quadrigemina and two bundles of fibers termed crura cerebri.
Hindbrain: It is made up of: 
Cerebellum: The cerebellum is the second largest portion of the human brain. It is made up of two lateral cerebellar hemispheres and a central worm-shaped component called the vermis. The cerebellum has grey matter on the outside, which is composed of three layers of cells and fibers. It also has Golgi cells, basket cells, and granule cells.
Pons Varolii: The pons Varolii is an oval mass that lies above the medulla oblongata. It is mostly made up of nerve fibers that connect various areas of the brain.
Medulla oblongata: This structure extends from the pons Varolii above and connects to the spinal cord below. The midbrain, pons Varolii and medulla oblongata are referred to as the brain stem.